Which insect is known for being a common pest on plants?

The Bronze Birch Borer is recognized as a common pest on plants, particularly birch trees. This insect is a type of wood-boring beetle that infests and damages the trees by tunneling into the bark and wood. The larvae feed on the cambium layer, which disrupts the tree's ability to transport nutrients and water, ultimately leading to decline or death of the affected trees.

In contrast, the other options listed do not typically cause damage to plants in the same way. Ladybugs are often beneficial insects that feed on aphids and other pests, helping to reduce pest populations. Butterflies are primarily pollinators and do not harm plants. Caterpillars can be pests, but not all species are harmful; many are simply a stage in the life cycle of butterflies and moths and are actually part of the ecosystem's balance. Therefore, the Bronze Birch Borer specifically stands out as a significant pest to certain plants, making it the correct response to the question.