How do nematodes typically affect plants?

Nematodes can significantly impact plants primarily by damaging roots. These microscopic roundworms may invade plant root systems, leading to injury that disrupts the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients effectively. As they feed on root cells, they can cause physical damage, create entry points for pathogens, and hinder overall plant growth and health.

This damage can result in symptoms such as stunted growth, wilting, nutrient deficiencies, and reduced yield. While some organisms in the soil can play beneficial roles, such as providing nutrients or enhancing processes like photosynthesis, nematodes are more commonly known for their damaging effects, particularly in certain species that are plant parasites. In contrast, the roles of pollination and nutrient provision typically involve other organisms that do not harm plant structures, making root damage by nematodes a key concern in plant health management.